Review on - Chili and Its Endophytes and Secondary Metabolites

Abstract

Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is common vegetable crop in India, which is grown for both unripe (green) & ripe (red) fruit. Damping-off, wilt, anthracnose, dieback, root rot, bacterial wilt & other diseases all damage chili crop. Damping-off caused by Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitz. In nurseries, is major restriction in chili growing, causing 62 percent seedling mortality & 90 percent plant death either as preemergence damping off or post-emergence damping off in nursery fields, & is very common issue in fields & greenhouses, where organism kills newly emerging seeps. Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is common vegetable crop in India, which is grown for both unripe (green) & ripe (red) fruit. Damping-off, wilt, anthracnose, dieback, root rot, bacterial wilt & other diseases all damage chili crop. Damping-off caused by Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitz. In nurseries, is major restriction in chili growing, causing 62 percent seedling mortality & 90 percent plant death either as pre-emergence damping off or postemergence damping off in nursery fields, & is very common issue in fields & greenhouses, where organism kills newly emerging seeps. In mutualistic symbiosis arrangement, endophytes are plant-colonizing microorganisms. They are present in most habitats, where they promote immune responses, exclude plant pathogens by niche rivalry, & engage in antioxidant activities & phenylpropanoid metabolism, which generates plant defense, structural support, & survival molecules